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NBP was inaugurated by Dr. M.S. Ladania, Director, NRCC Nagpur on 8 April 2015

PEACOCK PANSY

(Junonia almana (Linnaeus))


Family Nymphalidae

Brush footed Butterflies

The peacock pansy butterfly (Junionia almana) sports striking eyespots and purple patterns. This species is widely distributed throughout South East Asia. This species inhabits a wide variety of habitats including secondary rainforest, monsoon forest, plantations, rural areas and gardens. It is active in bright sunshine and prefers open areas, where it flies close to the ground.

This species is rather common across multiple habitats, with ubiquitous presence in open areas in the nature reserves as well as urban and suburban areas. Peacock Pansy Butterflies are frequently found basking in sunny patches of the NEERI campus in the early part of the day. This beautiful butterfly has pale yellow and orange colored wings with large eyes spots on the upper side of its hind wings and smaller ones on the forewings. Females of this species are usually larger. Lantana and ixora flowers are the favorite for these butterflies.

It flies in the usual gliding manner of the Junonia spp. and typically several individuals can be seen together in one location. Under sunny condition, they have a habit of opening their wings wide to sunbathe while resting on a perch.

Above, the wings are rich yellowish brown with darker brown edges at both termen and costal margins. On each of the forewings, there are four distinct costal bars, the outermost three of which are filled with darker shadings. There is a prominent ``peacock'' eye-spot in space 2 near the tornal area, and a lesser one in space 5. On each hindwing, a much larger and more prominent eye-spot is featured in spaces 5-6 near the apex. The termens of both fore- and hindwings are marked by two series of marginal striae. Underneath, the wings are duller and the costal bars are filled with paler shadings instead. Compared to those on the upperside, the ocelli are smaller and on the hindwing, there is an additional ocellus in space 2, and the spot in spaces 5-6 appears to be a conjoined pair. Each of the fore- and hindwings has a dark stripe traversing from the costa to the dorsum. The stripes appear to be continuous across the two wings. The stripe on the hindwing is outlined by a broad pale band on the inner edge.

The butterflies are usually seen in two's and three's. They often bask for several minutes at a time on the ground or on low foliage, especially if the weather is cloudy. They are quite nervous, and if approached they flit rapidly into the air and circle around, before settling again.

This species is widely exhibited in butterfly houses in Europe and North America. This species is not under any major threat.