The Back-rumped Flameback (Linnaeus) are also known as the lesser golden-backed woodpecker. It can be generally observed as stuck to the tree and digging the hole to bark in Urban forests of NEERI campus.

It is a widespread and common resident breeder in much of South Asia. Flame back is found mainly on the plains going up to an elevation of about 1200 amsl in south of the Himalayas and east till the western Assam valley and Meghalaya, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. Commonly found in open forest that includes all types of moist to dry woodland, mostly deciduous; open woodland and light forest etc. They are often seen in urban areas with wooded avenues. Back-rumped Flameback generally feed on insects' chiefly ants, and including larvae and pupae of the fierce red ant and beetle larvae from under the bark. They alos visit termite mounds and sometimes feed on nectar too.

The back-rumped Flameback rump is black, having length as 26-29 cm. The underparts are white with dark chevron markings. The head is whitish with a black throat, and there is a greyish eye patch. Like other woodpeckers, this species has a straight pointed bill, a stiff tail to provide support against tree trunks, and zygodactyls feet, with two toes pointing forward, and two backward. The long tongue can be darted forward to capture insects.

The breeding season varies with weather and is mainly Mar-Apr, in S India also in Jul-Aug. They frequently drum during the breeding season. The nest hole is usually excavated by the birds and has a horizontal entrance and descends into a cavity. Sometimes birds may usurp the nest holes of other birds. Nests have also been noted in mud embankments. The eggs are laid inside the unlined cavity. The normal clutch is three and the eggs are elongate and glossy white. The eggs hatch after about 11 days of incubation. The chicks leave the nest after about 20 days.

Back-rumped Flameback are not globally threatened (Least Concern). They are one of the commonest and most widespread woodpeckers in Indian Subcontinent

Back-rumped Flameback also appears in a 3.75 Taka postal stamp from Bangladesh. They adapt well in human-modified habitats making use of artificial constructions fallen fruits and even food scraps and hence seen in NEERI colony and campus both.